The success of independence movements in ghana and algeria led to which outcome

The success of independence movements in ghana and algeria led to which
outcome in both countries?

a. the newly independent governments struggled to maintain
economic and social stability.

b. communist rebels overthrew weak governments and formed
alliances with the soviet union.

c. european leaders quickly reestablished control over the political
and economic systems.

d. support for nationalism decreased as the philosophy of panafricanism spread.