The protagonist must possess a that leads to his/her downfall.

When analyzing data scientists look for patterns, that help them form predictions.

Patterns are rules that variations/characteristics follow, either in data or anything else patterns might be used for.

Example:

The fact that worms are found always 10 meters forom eachother (not true, it's an example) is a pattern, that will help you predict the location of the next worm.

Hope it helped,

BioTeacher101