It has often been remarked that democratic candidates are more liberal in the democratic

It has often been remarked that democratic candidates are more liberal in the democratic primaries and republican candidates are more conservative in the republican primaries than either is in the general election. the explanation for this is most probably that: a) they are facing politically different opponents in the two elections. b) the median voter preferences are more to the left (right) in the primaries than in the general election. c) more people vote in the general election than in the primaries. d) candidates are not as likely to locate the position of the median voter in the (earlier) primaries as they are in the (later) general election.