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answer:

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Explanation:

1. Antibodies from the mother cross the placenta and affect the fetus.

Explanation:

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is also known as erythroblastosis fetalis. It occurs when the mother's blood and the fetus' blood are incompatible. When these incompatible blood types mix, there is a reaction from the mother's immune system. The immune system protects us from diseases and foreign substances. On identifying the fetus blood as alien, antibodies from the mother move through the placenta to attack the fetus' red blood cells. This leads to a massive destruction of the the fetus' red cells responsible for the transport of oxygen and thereby causes anemia.

The incompatible blood types may be Rhesus incompatible or ABO incompatibly.

The signs and symptoms that are seen in the baby include;

Jaundice, which is due to the massive red cells destruction.

Pale skin due to anemia.

Enlargement of the baby's body.

Difficulty in breathing.

Rapid heart rate.

This condition can be diagnosed and treated through amniocentesis, ultrasound scan, fetal blood sampling, phototherapy, blood transfusion and immunoglobulins.