In which cases did the supreme court first claim the right of judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison

Explanation:

This a case that prompted the establishment of judicial review.

Judicial review explains the power of the federal court in deciding or declaring the act or decision of the government i.e the legislative and executive unconstitutional.

This was first made known during the court judgement on Marbury v. Madison case.

This case took place in 1803, where William Marbury sued then the new secretary of state, James Madison in order to obtain his commission, and the judgement was pronounced on February 24, 1803 precisely, which  did not favor Marbury, based on the use of judicial review.