Asteel pipe of 12-in. outer diameter is fabricated from 1 4 -in.-thick plate by

Normal stress = 66/62.84 = 1.05kips/in²

shearing stress  = T/2 = 0.952/2 = 0.476 kips/in²

Explanation:

A steel pipe of 12-in. outer diameter  d₂ =12in  d₁= 12 -4in = 8in

4 -in.-thick  

angle of 25°

Axial force P = 66 kip axial force

determine the normal and shearing stresses

Normal stress б = force/area = P/A

           = 66/ (П* (d₂²-d₁²)/4

           =66/ (3.142* (12²-8²)/4

          = 66/62.84 = 1.05kips/in²

Tangential stress T = force* cos ∅/area = P/A

           = 66* cos 25/ (П* (d₂²-d₁²)/4

           =59.82/ (3.142* (12²-8²)/4

          = 59.82/62.84 = 0.952kips/in²

shearing stress  = tangential stress /2

                           = T/2 = 0.952/2 = 0.476 kips/in²

the ball being pulled toward the ground

Explanation: